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Ответ на: Re: Когда ж вы, бесенята, про mpd узнаете! от anonymous 2009-08-26 12:46:06

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Re: Когда ж вы, бесенята, про mpd узнаете!

>Весьма голословное утверждение. man fuse, нуб.

fuse(1) Emulators fuse(1)
NAME
fuse - Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator
SYNOPSIS
fuse [options]
DESCRIPTION
Fuse is a Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator. It supports several models
(including the 128), with quite faithful emulation of the display and
sound.
The emulator can load any of the formats supported by libspectrum(3) -
this includes Z80, SNA and SZX snapshots, and TAP and TZX virtual-tape
files. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX and TAP tape files
is supported. The SLT extension to the Z80 format is partly supported
(enough for multi-load games); however, loading of the old DAT-file
variant is not. DSK disk images are supported when emulating a +3, TRD
and SCL disk images are supported when emulating a Pentagon or Scorpion
and DCK cartridge images are supported when emulating a Timex 2068
variant. Interface II ROM cartridges are also supported.
Finally, there is also support for reading and writing the RZX input
recording format.
See the COMPRESSED FILES section for details on reading files com‐
pressed with bzip2(3) or gzip(3).
OPTIONS
–accelerate-loader
Specify whether Fuse should attempt to accelerate tape loaders
by "short circuiting" the loading loop. This will in general
speed up loading, but may cause some loaders to fail. (Enabled
by default, but you can use `–no-accelerate-loader' to dis‐
able). The same as the General Options dialog's Accelerate load‐
ers option.
–aspect-hint
Specify whether the GTK+ and Xlib user interfaces should `hint'
to the window manager about the preferred aspect ratio for the
graphics window, thus preventing resizing to non-square sizes
which lead to Fuse not displaying correctly. This option has
been observed to cause problems with some window managers when
using the GTK+ UI which can prevent the window from being
resized or moved at all. (Enabled by default, but you can use
`–no-aspect-hint' to disable). See also the
`–strict-aspect-hint' option.
–autosave-settings
Specify whether Fuse's current settings should be automatically
saved on exit. The same as the General Options dialog's Auto-
save settings option.
–auto-load
Specify whether tape and disk files should be automatically
loaded when they are opened using the File, Open... menu
option. (Enabled by default, but you can use `–no-auto-load' to
disable). Same as the General Options dialog's Auto-load media
option.
–beeper-stereo
Specify whether fake stereo should be added to the emulation of
the Spectrum beeper. Same as the Sound Options dialog's Beeper
pseudo-stereo option.
–beta128
Emulate a Beta 128 interface. Same as the Peripherals Options
dialog's Beta 128 interface option.
–betadisk Specify a Betadisk image to load.
–bw-tv
Specify whether the display should simulate a colour or black
and white television. This option is effective under the GTK+,
Xlib and SDL user interfaces: the others will always simulate a
colour TV. The same as the General Options dialog's Black and
white TV option.
–competition-code code
Specify the code to be written to competition mode RZX files.
The same as the RZX Options dialog's Competition code option.
–competition-mode
Specify whether input recordings should be made in `competition
mode'. The same as the RZX Options dialog's Competition mode
option.
–compress-rzx
Specify whether RZX files should be written out compressed.
(Enabled by default, but you can use `–no-compress-rzx' to dis‐
able). Same as the RZX Options dialog's Compress RZX data
option.
–confirm-actions
Specify whether `dangerous' actions (those which could cause
data loss, for example resetting the Spectrum) require confirma‐
tion before occurring. (Enabled by default, but you can use
`–no-confirm-actions' to disable). This option is effective
under the GTK+ UI, and is the same as the General Options dia‐
log's Confirm actions option.
–debugger-command string
Specify a debugger command to be run before emulator startup.
This can be used to set breakpoints or the like. Currently, this
is the only method to input multi-line debugger commands. (See
the MONITOR/DEBUGGER section for more information).
–detect-loader
Specify whether Fuse should attempt to detect when the tape is
being accessed and start and stop the virtual tape playing auto‐
matically. (Enabled by default, but you can use
`–no-detect-loader' to disable). Same as the General Options
dialog's Detect loaders option.
–divide
Emulate the DivIDE interface. The same as the Peripherals
Options dialog's DivIDE interface option.
–divide-masterfile file
–divide-slavefile file
Specify an IDE image to be loaded into the DivIDE's emulated
master and slave drives respectively.
–divide-write-protect
Specify that the emulated DivIDE's write protect jumper should
be considered set. The same as the Peripherals Options dialog's
DivIDE write protect option.
–dock file
Insert the specified file into the emulated Timex 2068 variant
dock; also select the TC2068 on startup if available.
–doublescan-mode
Specify the the framebuffer UI should attempt to use a double
scan mode (where each line is displayed twice).
–embed-snapshot
Specify whether a snapshot should be embedded in an RZX file
when recording is started from an existing snapshot. (Enabled by
default, but you can use `–no-embed-snapshot' to disable). Same
as the RZX Options dialog's Always embed snapshot option.
–fastload
Specify whether Fuse should run at the fastest possible speed
when the virtual tape is playing. (Enabled by default, but you
can use `–no-fastload' to disable). The same as the General
Options dialog's Fastloading option.
-f frequency
–sound-freq frequency
Specify what frequency Fuse should use for the sound device, the
default is 32 kHz, but some devices only support a single fre‐
quency or a limited range (e.g. 48 kHz or up to 22 kHz).
–full-screen
Specify whether Fuse should run in full screen mode. This
option is effective only under the SDL UI.
-g filter
–graphics-filter mode
Specify which graphics filter to use if available. The default
is normal, which uses no filtering. The available options are
2x, 2xsai, 3x, advmame2x, advmame3x, dotmatrix, half, halfskip,
normal, super2xsai, supereagle, timex15x, timextv, tv2x, paltv,
paltv2x, and paltv3x. See the GRAPHICS FILTERS section for more
details.
–graphicsfile file
Set the filename used for graphical output from the emulated ZX
printer. See the PRINTER EMULATION section for more details.
-h
–help
Give brief usage help, listing available options.
–if2cart file
Insert the specified file into the emulated Interface II.
–interface1
Emulate a Sinclair Interface I. Same as the Peripherals Options
dialog's Interface I option.
–interface2
Emulate a Sinclair Interface II. (Enabled by default, but you
can use `–no-interface2' to disable). Same as the Peripherals
Options dialog's Interface II option.
–issue2
Emulate an issue 2 keyboard. Same as the General Options dia‐
log's Issue 2 keyboard option.
-j device
–joystick-1 device
Read from device to emulate the first joystick. Fuse will use
either `/dev/input/js0' or `/dev/js0' by default.
–joystick-2 device
As for –joystick-1 but for the second joystick; the default
here is either `/dev/input/js1' or `/dev/js1'.
–joystick-prompt
If this option is specified, Fuse Fuse will prompt you which
form of joystick emulation you wish to use when loading a snap‐
shot. No prompt will be issued if the configuration in the snap‐
shot matches what you are currently using. The same as the Gen‐
eral Options dialog's Snap joystick prompt option.
–kempston
Emulate a Kempston joystick. Same as the Peripherals Options
dialog's Kempston joystick option.
–kempston-mouse
Emulate a Kempston mouse. Same as the Peripherals Options dia‐
log's Kempston mouse option.
–late-timings
It has been observed that some real Spectrums run such that the
screen is rendered one tstate later than on other real hardware.
This option specifies that Fuse should emulate such a machine.
Same as the General Options dialog's Late timings option.
–loading-sound
Specify whether the sound made while tapes are loading should be
emulated. (Enabled by default, but you can use `–no-load‐
ing-sound' to disable). Same as the Sound Options dialog's Load‐
ing sound option.
-m type
–machine type
Specify machine type to emulate initially. The default is 48, a
48K Spectrum. The available options are 16, 48, 128, plus2,
plus2a, plus3, 2048, 2068, ts2068, pentagon, pentagon512, penta‐
gon1024, and scorpion.
–microdrive-file file
–microdrive-2-file file
–microdrive-3-file file
–microdrive-4-file file
–microdrive-5-file file
–microdrive-6-file file
–microdrive-7-file file
–microdrive-8-file file
Specify Interface I Microdrive cartridge files to open.
-p file
–playback file
Specify an RZX file to begin playback from.
–paltv2x
Specify whether the PAL TV 2x and PAL TV 3x scalers should also
produce scanlines along the lines of the TV 2x and Timex TV
scalers. The same as the General Options dialog's PAL-TV use
TV2x effect option.
–plus3disk file
Insert the specified file into the emulated +3's A: drive; also
select the +3 on startup if available.
–plusd
Emulate a +D interface. Same as the Peripherals Options dialog's
+D interface option.
–plusddisk file
Insert the specified file into the emulated +D's drive 1.
–printer
Specify whether the emulation should include a printer. Same as
the Peripherals Options dialog's Emulate printers option.
–rate frame
Specify the frame rate, the ratio of spectrum frame updates to
real frame updates. Same as the General Options dialog's Frame
rate option.
-r file
–record file
Specify an RZX file to begin recording to.
–rom-16 file
–rom-48 file
–rom-128-0 file
–rom-128-1 file
–rom-plus2-0 file
–rom-plus2-1 file
–rom-plus2a-0 file
–rom-plus2a-1 file
–rom-plus2a-2 file
–rom-plus2a-3 file
–rom-plus3-0 file
–rom-plus3-1 file
–rom-plus3-2 file
–rom-plus3-3 file
–rom-plus3e-0 file
–rom-plus3e-1 file
–rom-plus3e-2 file
–rom-plus3e-3 file
–rom-tc2048 file
–rom-tc2068-0 file
–rom-tc2068-1 file
–rom-ts2068-0 file
–rom-ts2068-1 file
–rom-pentagon-0 file
–rom-pentagon-1 file
–rom-pentagon-2 file
–rom-pentagon-3 file
–rom-scorpion-0 file
–rom-scorpion-1 file
–rom-scorpion-2 file
–rom-scorpion-3 file
–rom-spec-se-0 file
–rom-spec-se-1 file
–rom-interface-1 file
–rom-plusd file
–rom-beta128 file
Specify the file to be used for ROM(s) used for each machine.
The options respectively refer to the 16K Spectrum (48.rom), 48K
Spectrum (48.rom), the two ROMs for the 128K Spectrum (128-0.rom
and 128-1.rom), the two ROMs for the +2 (plus2-0.rom and
plus2-1.rom), the four ROMs for the +2A (plus3-0.rom,
plus3-1.rom, plus3-2.rom and plus3-3.rom), the four ROMs for the
+3 (plus3-0.rom, plus3-1.rom, plus3-2.rom and plus3-3.rom), the
TC2048 ROM (tc2048.rom), the two ROMs for the TC2068
(tc2068-0.rom and tc2068-1.rom), the two ROMs for the TS2068
(tc2068-0.rom and tc2068-1.rom), the two main ROMs, the TR-DOS
ROM and a reset service ROM for the Pentagon (128p-0.rom,
128p-1.rom, trdos.rom and gluck.rom), the four ROMs for the
Scorpion 256 (256s-0.rom, 256s-1.rom, 256s-2.rom and
256s-3.rom), the two ROMs for the Spectrum SE (se-0.rom and
se-1.rom), the Interface I ROM (if1-2.rom), the +D ROM
(plusd.rom), and the TR-DOS ROM for Beta 128 emulation with the
128K or +2 (trdos.rom). The names in brackets denote the
defaults.
–no-rs232-handshake
This option makes Fuse's Interface I emulation assume that the
RS-232 line other end is live when you connect the communication
channels. See also the `–rs232-rx' and `–rs232-tx' options.
–rs232-rx
–rs232-tx
Specify the communication channels (FIFO or file) to be used for
Interface I RS-232 emulation as RxD and TxD wire. See also the
`–rs232-handshake' options.
–rzx-autosaves
Specify that, while recording an RZX file, Fuse should automati‐
cally add a snapshot to the recording stream every 5 seconds.
(Default to on, but you can use `–no-rzx-autosaves' to dis‐
able). Same as the RZX Options dialog's "Create autosaves"
option; see there for more details.
–separation
Give stereo separation of the 128's AY sound channels. Same as
the General Options dialog's AY stereo separation option.
–simpleide
Specify whether Fuse will emulate the simple 8-bit IDE interface
as used by the Spectrum +3e. Same as the Peripherals Options
dialog's Simple 8-bit IDE option.
–simpleide-masterfile file
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated Simple 8-bit IDE
interface's master channel.
–simpleide-slavefile file
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated Simple 8-bit IDE
interface's slave channel.
–slt
Support the SLT trap instruction. (Enabled by default, but you
can use `–no-slt' to disable). Same as the General Options dia‐
log's Use .slt traps option.
-s file
–snapshot file
Specify a snapshot file to load. The file can be in any snapshot
format supported by libspectrum(3).
–sound
Specify whether Fuse should produce sound. (Enabled by default,
but you can use `–no-sound' to disable). Same as the Sound
Options dialog's Sound enabled option.
–sound-force-8bit
Force the use of 8-bit sound, even if 16-bit is possible. Same
as the Sound Options dialog's Force 8-bit option.
–sound-hifi
Use higher fidelity sound generation to improve the reproduction
of some multi-channel beeper tunes by reducing aliasing noise
(e.g. Fairlight 2). Same as the Sound Options dialog's Hi-fi
beeper option.
-d device
–sound-device device
Specify the sound output device to use and any options to give
that device. If you are not using the SDL UI or using libao or
libasound (ALSA) for sound output, then the device parameter
just specifies the device to be used for sound output.
If you are using the SDL UI, the device parameter allows you to
specify the audio driver to be used (e.g. dsp, alsa, dma, esd
and arts).
If you are using libao for sound output, the device parameter
allows you to specify the device used for sound output (either
`live' to a speaker or to a file) and the parameters to be used
for that device. In general, the device parameter has the form
driver[:param[=value][,param[=value][,...]]. driver selects the
libao driver to be used, either one of the `live' drivers (aixs,
alsa, alsa09, arts, esd, irix , macosx, nas, oss or sun) or a
file driver (au, raw, wav or null). The available parameter and
value pairs for each device are:
· aixs: AIX audio system
· dev=device
`device' gives the AIX sound device.
· alsa: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture version 0.5.x
· card=num
`num' gives the ALSA card number.
· dev=num
`num' gives the ALSA device number.
· buf_size=num
`num' gives the ALSA buffer size in bytes.
· alsa09: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture version 0.9+
· dev=string
`string' specfies the ALSA device e.g. hw:1.2
· buffer_time=num
`num' gives the ALSA buffer time in microseconds.
· period_time=num
`num' gives the ALSA period time in microseconds.
· use_mmap=yes|y|true|t|1
specifies that libao use memory mapped transfer.
· arts: aRts soundserver: no parameters.
· esd: Enlightened Sound Daemon.
· host=string
`string' gives the ESD host specification.
· irix: IRIX Audio Library: no parameters.
· macosx: MacOS X CoreAudio: no parameters.
· nas: Network Audio System.
· host=string
`string' gives the NAS host specification.
· buf_size=num
`num' gives the buffer size on the server.
· oss: Open Sound System.
· dsp=string
`string' gives the OSS device to be used e.g.
/dev/sound/dsp1
· sun: SUN audio system.
· dev=string
`string' gives the audio device to be used.
· au: SUN Sparc audio file: no parameters.
· raw: raw file.
· byteorder=string
`string' can be any of native (host native byte‐
order), big (big endian) or little (little
endian).
· wav: Microsoft audio file: no parameters.
· null: null output: no parameters.
· debug: for debugging libao.
Finally, each of the file output types (au, raw and wav) have an
extra option `file=filename' where `filename' gives the file
output will be directed to. This defaults to `fuse-sound.ao' if
it is not specified.
Some examples of use:
fuse -d alsa09:dev=hw:1
causes Fuse to use ALSA 0.9+ output with the second (#1) sound
card.
fuse -d raw:byteorder=little,file=enigma.raw
causes Fuse to save little endian words to `enigma.raw'.
See the `DEVICE' section of ogg123(1) for up to date information
of devices and options (except for the `file' option which is
provided by Fuse itself).
If you are using libasound or ALSA for sound output, the device
parameter allows you to specify the device used for sound output
and some parameters to be used for that device. In general, the
device parameter has the form
devstr or
param[=value][,param[=value][,...][,devstr].
· devstr: selects the ALSA device used, it can be any com‐
plex or simple ALSA device name. e.g.: default or hw:0 or
tee:plughw:0,'/tmp/out.raw',raw See the alsa-lib pcm api
reference at
http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-doc/alsa-lib/pcm.html
for further explanation.
· param and values:
· buffer=nnnn: set the ALSA buffer in frames,
smaller value cause smaller sound delay but may
more buffer underrun (pops and clicks), larger
value cause longer delay but fewer underrun. By
default Fuse determine the buffer size based on
the actual sound frequency.
If you use some special plugin for your pcm device
(e.g.: dmix) or your card not support some needed
parameter (e.g. cannot play other only 48 kHz
stereo sound like some AC97 sound card) may cause
Fuse unable to set the needed buffer size, appro‐
priate sound frequency, channels and so on, there‐
fore you cannot get optimal result or not hear the
sound at all. In this case try the plughw:#,
(where # mean your card number counted from 0) for
ALSA device.
· verbose : if given, fuse report ALSA buffer under‐
runs to stderr
Some examples of use:
fuse -d verbose,buffer=2000
causes Fuse to use the default ALSA device with 2000 frame
length buffer and report ALSA buffer underruns on stderr.
fuse -d tee:plughw:0,'/tmp/aufwm.raw',raw
causes Fuse to use the first card and parallel save the raw
audio samples into /tmp/aufwm.raw file.
–speed percentage
Specify the speed (as a percentage of real Spectrum speed) at
which emulation should attempt to proceed. Same as the General
Options dialog's Emulation speed option.
–statusbar
For the GTK+ UI, enables the statusbar beneath the display. For
the SDL UI, enables the status icons showing whether the disk
and tape are being accessed. Same as the General Options dia‐
log's Show statusbar option.
–strict-aspect-hint
For the GTK+ UI, use stricter limits for the aspect ratio limits
set by the `–aspect-hint' option. This can cause some window
managers (for example, metacity(1)) to not allow the window to
be resized and moved, but is necessary to prevent others (for
example, fvwm(1)) from being able resize the window away from
square.
-v mode
–svgamode mode
Specify which mode to use for the SVGAlib and FB UIs. Available
values for mode are `320' (which corresponds to a 320x240x256
mode), the default and `640' (a 640x480x256 mode).
-D mode
–doublescan-mode mode
Specify whether to use doublescan modes in the SVGAlib and FB
UIs. Available values for mode are 0, 1 and 2. 0 means `never
doublescan' (use 640x480 at either 72 Hz or 60 Hz), whereas 1
and 2 both mean `try to use doublescan' and will fall back on
the 640x480 modes. These latter two are treated identically for
SVGA, but for FB, they differ: 1 selects 72 Hz modes (the same
size and shape as your typical 640x480), and 2 selects 60 Hz
modes (overscan).
If your monitor displays a blank screen when using 1 or 2, press
F10 then try a different option or say `–svgamode 640'.
-t file
–tape file
Specify a virtual tape file to use. It must be in TAP or TZX
format.
–textfile file
Set the filename used for text output from the emulated print‐
ers. See the PRINTER EMULATION section below for more details.
–traps
Support traps for ROM tape loading/saving. (Enabled by default,
but you can use `–no-traps' to disable). Same as the General
Options dialog's Use tape traps option.
–betadisk file
Insert the specified file into the emulated Beta disk inter‐
face's drive A: and select Pentagon mode on startup.
-V
–version
Show which version of Fuse is being used.
–writable-roms
Allow Spectrum programs to overwrite the ROM(s). The same as the
General Options dialog's Allow writes to ROM option.
–zxatasp
Specify whether Fuse emulate the ZXATASP interface. Same as the
Peripherals Options dialog's ZXATASP interface option.
–zxatasp-upload
Specify the state of the ZXATASP upload jumper. Same as the
Peripherals Options dialog's ZXATASP upload option.
–zxatasp-write-protect
Specify the state of the ZXATASP write protect jumper. Same as
the Peripherals Options dialog's ZXATASP write protect option.
–zxatasp-masterfile file
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated ZXATASP inter‐
face's master channel.
–zxatasp-slavefile file
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated ZXATASP inter‐
face's slave channel.
–zxcf
Specify whether Fuse emulate the ZXCF interface. Same as the
Peripherals Options dialog's ZXCF interface option.
–zxcf-upload
Specify the state of the ZXCF upload jumper. Same as the Periph‐
erals Options dialog's ZXCF upload option.
–zxcf-cffile file
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated ZXCF interface.
All long options which control on/off settings can be disabled using
`–no-foo' (for an option `–foo'). For example, the opposite of
`–issue2' is `–no-issue2'. These options can also be modified while
the emulator is running, using the options dialogs - see the documenta‐
tion for the Options menu in the MENUS AND KEYS section for details.
THE VARIOUS FRONT-ENDS
Fuse supports various front-ends, or UIs (user interfaces). The usual
one is GTK+-based, but there are also SDL, Xlib, SVGAlib and frame‐
buffer ones.
The important difference to note is that the GTK+ version uses `native'
dialog boxes etc. (behaving like a fairly normal GUI-based program)
while the others use an alternative, Fuse-specific `widget UI'. This
latter front-end is easily spotted by the way it uses the main Fuse
window/screen for menus and dialogs, and uses the Spectrum's own font.
MENUS AND KEYS
Since many of the keys available are devoted to emulation of the Spec‐
trum's keyboard, the primary way of controlling Fuse itself (rather
than the emulated machine) is via the menus. There are also function
key shortcuts for some menu options.
In the GTK+ version, the menu bar is always visible at the top of the
Fuse window. You can click on a menu name to pop it up. Alternatively,
you can press F1 to display a pop-up version of the menu bar, which you
can then navigate with the cursor keys or mouse.
In the widget UI pressing F1 is the only way to get the main menu; and
unlike the GTK+ version, the emulator pauses while the menus are being
navigated. The menus show which key to press for each menu option in
brackets. Pressing Esc exits a menu, and pressing Enter exits the menu
system entirely (as well as `confirming' any current dialog).
Here's what the menu options do, along with the function key mappings
for those items which have them:
F3
File, Open...
Open a Spectrum file. Snapshots will be loaded into memory; tape
images will be inserted into the emulated tape deck, and if the
Auto-load media option is set will being loading. Opening a disk
image or a Timex dock image will cause the appropriate machine
type (+3, Pentagon or TC2068) to be selected with the image
inserted, and disks will automatically load if the Auto-load
media option is set. See the FILE SELECTION section below for
details on how to choose the file. Note that this behaviour is
different from previous versions of Fuse, when this option would
open only snapshots.
F2
File, Save Snapshot...
Save a snapshot (machine state, memory contents, etc.) to file.
You can select the filename to be saved to. If it has a .szx,
.z80 or .sna extension, the snapshot will be saved in that for‐
mat. Otherwise, it will be saved as a .szx file.
File, Recording, Record...
Start recording input to an RZX file, initialised from the cur‐
rent emulation state. You will be prompted for a filename to
use.
File, Recording, Record from snapshot...
Start recording input to an RZX file, initialised from a snap‐
shot. You will first be asked for the snapshot to use and then
the file to save the recording to.
Insert
File, Recording, Insert snapshot
Inserts a snapshot of the current state into the RZX file. This
can be used at a later point to roll back to the inserted state
by using one of the commands below.
Delete
File, Recording, Rollback
Rolls back the recording to the point at which the previous
snapshot was inserted. Recording will continue from that point.
File, Recording, Rollback to...
Roll back the recording to any snapshot which has been inserted
into the recording.
File, Recording, Play...
Playback recorded input from an RZX file. This lets you replay
keypresses recorded previously. RZX files generally contain a
snapshot with the Spectrum's state at the start of the record‐
ing; if the selected RZX file doesn't, you'll be prompted for a
snapshot to load as well.
File, Recording, Stop
Stop any currently-recording/playing RZX file.
File, AY Logging, Record...
Start recording the bytes output via the AY-3-8192 sound chip to
a PSG file. You will be prompted for a filename to save the
recording to.
File, AY Logging, Stop
Stop any current AY logging.
File, Open SCR Screenshot...
Load an SCR screenshot (essentially just a binary dump of the
Spectrum's video memory) onto the current screen. Fuse supports
screenshots saved in the Timex hi-colour and hi-res modes as
well as `normal' Spectrum screens, and will make a simple con‐
version if a hi-colour or hi-res screenshot is loaded onto a
non-Timex machine.
File, Save Screen as SCR...
Save a copy of whatever's currently displayed on the Spectrum's
screen as an SCR file. You will be prompted for a filename to
save the screenshot to.
File, Save Screen as PNG...
Save the current screen as a PNG file. You will be prompted for
a filename to save the screenshot to.
File, Movies, Record Movie as SCR...
Start recording a `movie' as a series of SCR screenshots. You
will be prompted for a filename, and the screenshots will then
be saved to `<name>-frame-000000000.scr',
`<name>-frame-000000001.scr' and so on.
File, Movies, Record Movie as PNG...
Start recording a `movie' as a series of PNG images. The file‐
names used will be the same as for the SCR movie, but with a
`.png' extension instead of `.scr'.
File, Movies, Stop Movie Recording
Stop any movie recording which is currently in progress.
File, Load Binary Data...
Load binary data from a file into the Spectrum's memory. After
selecting the file to load data from, you can choose where to
load the data and how much data to load.
File, Save Binary Data...
Save an arbitrary chunk of the Spectrum's memory to a file.
Select the file you wish to save to, followed by the location
and length of data you wish to save.
F10
File, Exit
Exit the emulator. A confirmation dialog will appear checking
you actually want to do this.
F4
Options, General...
Display the General Options dialog, letting you configure Fuse.
(With the widget UI, the keys shown in brackets toggle the
options, Enter confirms any changes, and Esc aborts). Note that
any changed settings only apply to the currently-running Fuse.
The options available are:
Emulation speed
Set how fast Fuse will attempt to emulate the Spectrum,
as a percentage of the speed at which the real machine
runs. If your machine isn't fast enough to keep up with
the requested speed, Fuse will just run as fast as it
can. Note that if the emulation speed is not exactly
100%, no sound output will be produced.
Frame rate
Specify the frame rate, the ratio of spectrum frame
updates to real frame updates. This is useful if your
machine is having trouble keeping up with the spectrum
screen updates.
Issue 2 keyboard
Early versions of the Spectrum used a different value for
unused bits on the keyboard input ports, and a few games
depended on the old value of these bits. Enabling this
option switches to the old value, to let you run them.
Use tape traps
Ordinarily, Fuse intercepts calls to the ROM tape-loading
routine in order to load from tape files more quickly
when possible. But this can (rarely) interfere with TZX
loading; disabling this option avoids the problem at the
cost of slower (i.e. always real-time) tape-loading.
When tape-loading traps are disabled, you need to start
tape playback manually, by pressing F8 or choosing the
Media, Tape, Play menu item. Fuse also uses tape traps to
intercept the tape-saving routine in the ROM to save tape
files quickly, tapes can also be saved using the Media,
Tape, Record Start menu item.
Fastloading
If this option is enabled, then Fuse will run at the
fastest possible speed when the virtual tape is playing,
thus dramatically reducing the time it takes to load pro‐
grams. You may wish to disable this option if you wish to
stop the tape at a specific point.
Detect loaders
If this option is enabled, Fuse will attempt to detect
when a loading routine is in progress, and then automati‐
cally start the virtual tape to load the program in. This
is done by using a heuristic to identify a loading rou‐
tine, so is by no means infallible, but works in most
cases.
Auto-load media
On many occasions when you open a tape or disk file, it's
because it's got a program in you want to load and run.
If this option is selected, this will automatically hap‐
pen for you when you open one of these files using the
File, Open... menu option - you must then use the Media
menu to use tapes or disks for saving data to, or for
loading data into an already running program.
Use .slt traps
The multi-load aspect of SLT files requires a trap
instruction to be supported. This instruction is not gen‐
erally used except for this trap, but since it's not
inconceivable that a program could be wanting to use the
real instruction instead, you can choose whether to sup‐
port the trap or not.
Allow writes to ROM
If this option is selected, Fuse will happily allow pro‐
grams to overwrite what would normally be ROM. This prob‐
ably isn't very useful in most circumstances, especially
as the 48K ROM overwrites parts of itself.
Auto-save settings
If this option is selected, Fuse will automatically write
its currently selected options to its configuration file
on exit (if libxml2 was available when Fuse was com‐
piled). If you turn this option off, you'll have to manu‐
ally use Options, Save afterwards to ensure that this
setting gets written to Fuse's configuration file.
MDR cartridge len
This option controls the number of blocks in a new Micro‐
drive cartridge. If the value smaller than 4 or greater
than 254 Fuse assumes 4 or 254.
RS-232 handshake
If you turn this option off, Fuse assumes the RS-232 line
other end is live when you connect the communication
channels. See also the `–rs232-rx–rs232-tx' options.
Black and white TV
This option allows you to choose whether to simulate a
colour or black and white television. This is effective
only under the GTK+, Xlib and SDL user interfaces: the
others will always simulate a colour TV.
PAL-TV use TV2x effect
This option allows you to choose whether the PAL TV 2x
and higher scalers also reproduce scanlines in the same
way as the TV 2x, 3x and Timex TV scalers.
Confirm actions
Specify whether `dangerous' actions (those which could
cause data loss, for example resetting the Spectrum)
require confirmation before occurring.
Show statusbar
For the GTK+ UI, enables the statusbar beneath the dis‐
play. For the SDL UI, enables the status icons showing
whether the disk and tape are being accessed. This option
has no effect for the other user interfaces.
Snap joystick prompt
If set, Fuse will prompt you which physical joystick or
keyboard you want to connect to the joystick interface
enabled in the snapshot unless it already matches your
current configuration.
Late timings
If selected, Fuse will cause all screen-related timings
(for example, when the screen is rendered and when memory
contention occurs) to be one tstate later than "normal",
an effect which is present on some real hardware.
Options, Sound...
Display the Sound Options dialog, letting you configure Fuse's
sound output. (With the widget UI, the keys shown in brackets
toggle the options, Enter confirms any changes, and Esc aborts).
Note that any changed settings only apply to the currently-run‐
ning Fuse.
Sound enabled
Specify whether sound output should be enabled at all.
When this option is disabled, Fuse will not make any
sound.
Loading sound
Normally, Fuse emulates tape-loading noise when loading
from TAPs or TZXs in real-time, albeit at a deliberately
lower volume than on a real Spectrum. You can disable
this option to eliminate the loading noise entirely.
AY stereo separation
By default, the sound output is mono, since this is all
you got from an unmodified Spectrum. But enabling this
option gives you so-called ACB stereo (for sound from the
128's AY-3-8912 sound chip). This actually works a little
better than ACB stereo modifications for the machine
itself, since it uses stereo positioning rather than sim‐
ply playing on one channel only.
Beeper pseudo-stereo
The Spectrum beeper is inherently mono, but enabling this
option adds a simple fake-stereo effect. While the slight
echo involved can sometimes make beeper noise sound
worse, in many cases it gives an acceptable result.
Force 8-bit
Force the use of 8-bit sound even if 16-bit (the default)
is available. Note that (when the option is enabled) if
8-bit sound isn't available then there will be no sound
at all, so it's best not to use this option unless you
have a specific need for it.
Hi-fi beeper
Use higher fidelity sound generation to improve the
reproduction of some multi-channel beeper tunes by reduc‐
ing aliasing noise (e.g. Fairlight 2).
Options, Peripherals...
Display the Peripherals Options dialog, letting you configure
the peripherals which Fuse will consider to be attached to the
emulated machines. (With the widget UI, the keys shown in brack‐
ets toggle the options, Enter confirms any changes, and Esc
aborts). Note that any changed settings only apply to the cur‐
rently-running Fuse.
Kempston joystick
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Kempston
joystick interface (probably the most widely supported
type on the Spectrum). Note that this option is basi‐
cally equivalent to plugging the interface itself into a
Spectrum, not to connecting a joystick; this affects how
the Spectrum responds to a read of input port 31. To use
a Kempston joystick in a game, this option must be
enabled, and you must also select a Kempston joystick the
Options, Joysticks menu.
Kempston mouse
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Kempston
mouse interface.
If you're using Fuse full-screen, your mouse is automati‐
cally used as if attached to the Kempston interface. Oth‐
erwise, you'll need to click on the Spectrum display in
order to tell Fuse to grab the pointer (and make it
invisible); to tell Fuse to release it, click the middle
button (or wheel) or press Escape.
With the framebuffer UI, Fuse prefers to use GPM; if this
is not available, it will fall back to built-in PS/2
mouse support. In this mode, it tries /dev/input/mice,
/dev/mouse then /dev/psaux, stopping when it successfully
opens one. The first of these is preferred since (at
least on Linux, with a 2.6-series kernel) any type of
mouse can be used and any connected mouse may be used.
Interface I
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the simple
Sinclair Interface I, and allow Microdrive cartridges to
be connected and disconnected via the Media, Interface I,
Microdrive menus. It also enables support for the Inter‐
face I RS-232 interface.
Interface II
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a cartridge
port as found on the Interface II. Cartridges can then be
inserted and removed via the Media, Cartridge, Interface
II menu. Note that the Pentagon, Scorpion, Interface II,
ZXATASP and ZXCF all use the same hardware mechanism for
accessing some of their extended features, so only one of
these should be selected at once or unpredictable behav‐
iour will occur.
Emulate printers
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a printer.
See the PRINTER EMULATION section for more details.
Simple 8-bit IDE
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the simple
8-bit IDE interface as used by the Spectrum +3e, and
allow hard disks to be connected and disconnected via the
Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit menu.
ZXATASP interface
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the ZXATASP
interface, which provides both additional RAM and an IDE
interface. See the ZXATASP AND ZXCF section for more
details.
ZXATASP upload
This option controls the state of the ZXATASP upload
jumper. See the ZXATASP AND ZXCF section for more
details.
ZXATASP write protect
This option controls the state of the ZXATASP write pro‐
tect jumper. See the ZXATASP AND ZXCF section for more
details.
ZXCF interface
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the ZXCF
interface, which provides both additional RAM and a Com‐
pactFlash interface. See the ZXATASP AND ZXCF section for
more details.
ZXCF upload
This option controls the state of the ZXCF upload jumper.
See the ZXATASP AND ZXCF section for more details.
DivIDE interface
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the DivIDE
interface. See the DIVIDE section for more details.
DivIDE write protect
This option controls the state of the DivIDE write pro‐
tection jumper. See the DIVIDE section for more details.
+D interface
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the +D
interface. See the +D EMULATION section for more
details.
Beta 128 interface
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Beta
128 interface. See the BETA 128 EMULATION section for
more details. Beta 128 emulation is enabled for the Pen‐
tagon and Scorpion machines regardless of this option.
Options, RZX...
Display the RZX Options dialog, letting you configure how Fuse's
deals with RZX input recordings. (With the widget UI, the keys
shown in brackets toggle the options, Enter confirms any
changes, and Esc aborts). Note that any changed settings only
apply to the currently-running Fuse.
Create autosaves
If this option is selected, Fuse will add a snapshot into
the recording stream every 5 seconds while creating an
RZX file, thus enabling the rollback facilities to be
used without having to explicitly add snapshots into the
stream. Older snapshots will be pruned from the stream to
keep the file size and number of snapshots down: each
snapshot up to 15 seconds will be kept, then one snapshot
every 15 seconds until one minute, then one snapshot
every minute until 5 minutes, and then one snapshot every
5 minutes. Note that this "pruning" applies only to auto‐
matically inserted snapshots: snapshots manually inserted
into the stream will never be pruned.
Compress RZX data
If this option is selected, and zlib was available when
Fuse was compiled, any RZX files written by Fuse will be
compressed. This is generally a good thing as it makes
the files significantly smaller, and you probably want to
turn it off only if you're debugging the RZX files or
there's some other program which doesn't support com‐
pressed RZX files.
Competition mode
Any input recordings which are started when this option
is selected will be made in `competition mode'. In
essence, this means that Fuse will act just like a real
Spectrum would: you can't load snapshots, pause the emu‐
lation in any way, change the speed or anything that you
couldn't do on the real machine. If any of these things
are attempted, or if the emulated Fuse is running more
than 5% faster or slower than normal Spectrum speed, then
the recording will immediately be stopped.
If libgcrypt was available when Fuse was compiled, then
recordings made with competition mode active will be dig‐
itally signed, in theory to `certify' that it was made
with the above restrictions in place. However, this pro‐
cedure is not secure (and cannot be made so), so the
presence of any signature on an RZX file should not be
taken as providing proof that it was made with competi‐
tion mode active. This feature is included in Fuse
solely as it was one of the requirements for Fuse to be
used in an on-line tournament.
Competition code
The numeric code entered here will be written into any
RZX files made in competition mode. This is another fea‐
ture for on-line tournaments which can be used to `prove'
that the recording was made after a specific code was
released. If you're not playing in such a tournament, you
can safely ignore this option.
Always embed snapshot
Specify whether a snapshot should be embedded in an RZX
file when recording is started from an existing snapshot.
Options, Joysticks
Fuse can emulate many of the common types of joystick which were
available for the Spectrum. The input for these emulated joy‐
sticks can be taken from real joysticks attached to the emulat‐
ing machine (configured via the Options, Joysticks, Joystick
1... and Options, Joysticks, Joystick 2... options), or from
the q, a, o, p, and Space keys on the emulating machines key‐
board, configured via the Options, Joysticks, Keyboard...
option. Note that when using the keyboard to emulate a joystick,
the q, a, o, p, and Space keys will not have their normal effect
(to avoid problems with games which do things like use p for
pause when using a joystick).
Each of the joysticks (including the `fake' keyboard joystick)
can be configured to emulate any one of the following joystick
types:
None
No joystick: any input will simply be ignored.
Cursor
A cursor joystick, equivalent to pressing 5
(left), 6 (down), 7 (up), 8 (right), and 0 (fire).
Kempston
A Kempston joystick, read from input port 31. Note
that the Options, Peripherals, Kempston interface
option must also be set for the input to be recog‐
nised.
Sinclair 1
Sinclair 2
The `left' and `right' Sinclair joysticks, equiva‐
lent to pressing 1 (left), 2 (right), 3 (down), 4
(up), and 5 (fire), or 6 (left), 7 (right), 8
(down), 9 (up), and 0 (fire) respectively.
Timex 1
Timex 2
The `left' and `right' joysticks as attached to
the Timex 2068 variant's built-in joystick inter‐
face.
For the real joysticks, it is also possible to configure
(although currently only when using the GTK+ interface) what
effect each button on the joystick will have: this can be Joy‐
stick Fire, equivalent to pressing the emulated joystick's fire
button, Nothing, meaning to have no effect, or any Spectrum key,
meaning that pressing that button will be equivalent to pressing
that Spectrum key.
Options, Select ROMs
An individual dialog is available for each Spectrum variant emu‐
lated by Fuse which allows selection of the ROM(s) used by that
machine. Simply select the ROM you wish to use, and then reset
the Spectrum for the change to take effect.
Options, Filter...
Select the graphics filter currently in use. See the GRAPHICS
FILTERS section for more details.
Options, Save
If libxml2 was available when Fuse was compiled, this will cause
Fuse's current options to be written to .fuserc in your home
directory, from which they will be picked up again when Fuse is
restarted. The best way to update this file is by using this
option, but it's a simple XML file and shouldn't be too hard to
edit by hand if you really want to.
Pause
Machine, Pause
Pause or unpause emulation. This option is available only under
the GTK+ UI; to pause the other user interfaces, simply press F1
to bring up the main menu.
F5
Machine, Reset
Reset the emulated Spectrum. Again, you get a chance to cancel
this if you're using the GTK+ UI.
Machine, Hard reset
Reset the emulated Spectrum. A hard reset is equivalent to turn‐
ing the Spectrum's power off, and then turning it back on.
Again, you get a chance to cancel this if you're using the GTK+
UI.
F9
Machine, Select...
Choose a type of Spectrum to emulate. An brief overview of the
Sinclair, Amstrad and Timex can be found at
http://www.nvg.ntnu.no/sinclair/computers/zxspectrum/zxspec‐
trum.htm while more technical information can be found at
http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/reference.htm, and
http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/tmxreference.htm.
Spectrum 16K
Spectrum 48K
The original machines as released by Sinclair in 1982
with 16 or 48K of RAM respectively.
Spectrum 128K
The 128K machine as released by Sinclair in 1985 (Spain)
or 1986 (UK).
Spectrum +2
The first machine released by Amstrad, in 1986. From an
emulation point of view, the +2 is virtually identical to
the 128K.
Spectrum +2A
Spectrum +3
The two machines released by Amstrad in 1988. Technically
very similar to each other, except that the +3 features a
3" disk drive while the +2A does not.
Spectrum +3e
A +3 with modified ROMs allowing access to IDE hard disks
via the simple 8-bit interface, as activated from the
Options, Peripherals dialog. See
http://www.zxplus3e.plus.com/ for more details.
Timex TC2048
Timex TC2068
The variants of the Spectrum as released by Timex in Por‐
tugal.
Timex TS2068
The variant of the Spectrum released by Timex in North
America.
Pentagon 128K
Russian clone of the Spectrum. There were many different
machines called Pentagon from 1989 to 2006, this machine
corresponds to a 1991 era Pentagon-128K with the optional
AY sound chip and the integrated Beta 128 disk interface,
and is the version of the machine most often emulated.
More technical details can be found at http://www.world‐
ofspectrum.org/rusfaq/index.html,
Pentagon 512K
Pentagon 1024K
Newer versions of the Pentagon Russian Spectrum clones
which incorporate more memory and the "Mr Gluk Reset Ser‐
vice" ROM offering a more powerful firmware.
Scorpion ZS 256
Another Russian clone of the Spectrum. Some details can
be found at http://www.worldofspectrum.org/rus‐
faq/index.html, like all the Russian clones they they
have built in 3.5" disk drives, accessed via the Beta 128
disk interface and TR-DOS (the Technology Research Disk
Operating System). The most important distinction from
the Pentagon 128k and similar machines is the display
timing details.
Spectrum SE
A recent variant designed by Andrew Owen and Jarek
Adamski, which is possibly best thought of as a cross
between the 128K machine and the Timex variants, allowing
272K of RAM to be accessed. Some more details are avail‐
able at http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/refer‐
ence/sereference.htm.
Machine, Debugger...
Start the monitor/debugger. See the MONITOR/DEBUGGER section for
more information.
Machine, Poke Finder...
Start the `poke finder'. See the POKE FINDER section for more
information.
Machine, Memory Browser...
Start the memory browser. It should be fairly obvious what this
does; perhaps the only thing worth noting is that emulation is
paused until you close the window.
Machine, NMI
Sends a non-maskable interrupt to the emulated Spectrum. Due to
a typo in the standard 48K ROM, this will cause a reset, but
modified ROMs are available which make use of this feature. When
the +D is emulated, this is used to access the +D's screenshot
and snapshot features (see the +D EMULATION section below).
F7
Media, Tape, Open...
Choose a TAP or TZX virtual-tape file to load from. See the FILE
SELECTION section below for details on how to choose the file.
If Auto-load media is set in the General Options dialog (as it
is by default), you may use the File, Open... menu option
instead, and the tape will begin loading automatically. Other‐
wise, you have to start the load in the emulated machine (with
LOAD "" or the 128's Tape Loader option, though you may need to
reset first).
To guarantee that TZX files will load properly, you should
select the file, make sure tape-loading traps are disabled in
the General Options dialog, then press F8 (or do Media, Tape,
Play). That said, most TZXs will work with tape-loading traps
enabled (often quickly loading partway, then loading the rest
real-time), so you might want to try it that way first.
F8
Media, Tape, Play
Start playing the TAP or TZX file, if required. (Choosing the
option (or pressing F8) again pauses playback, and a further
press resumes). To explain - if tape-loading traps have been
disabled (in the General Options dialog), starting the loading
process in the emulated machine isn't enough. You also have to
`press play', so to speak :-), and this is how you do that. You
may also need to `press play' like this in certain other circum‐
stances, e.g. TZXs containing multi-load games may have a stop-
the-tape request (which Fuse obeys).
Media, Tape, Browse
Browse through the current tape. A brief display of each of the
data blocks on the current tape will appear, from which you can
select which block Fuse will play next. With the GTK+ UI, emula‐
tion will continue while the browser is displayed; double-click‐
ing on a block will select it. In the other UIs, emulation is
paused and you can use the cursor keys and press Enter to select
it. If you decide you don't want to change block, just press
Escape.
Media, Tape, Rewind
Rewind the current virtual tape, so it can be read again from
the beginning.
Media, Tape, Clear
Clear the current virtual tape. This is particularly useful when
you want a `clean slate' to add newly-saved files to, before
doing Media, Tape, Write... (or F6).
F6
Media, Tape, Write...
Write the current virtual-tape contents to a TZX file. You will
be prompted for a filename. The virtual-tape contents are the
contents of the previously-loaded tape (if any has been loaded
since you last did a Media, Tape, Clear), followed by anything
you've saved from the emulated machine since. These newly-saved
files are not written to any tape file until you choose this
option!
Media, Tape, Record Start
Starts directly recording the output from the emulated Spectrum
to the current virtual-tape. This is useful when you want to
record using a non-standard ROM or from a custom save routine.
Most tape operations are disabled during recording. Stop record‐
ing with the Media, Tape, Write... menu option.
Media, Tape, Record Stop
Stops the direct recording and places the new recording into the
virtual-tape.
Media, Interface I
Virtual Microdrive images are accessible only when the Interface
I is active from the Options, Peripherals menu. Note that any
changes to the Microdrive image will not be written to the file
on disk until the appropriate `eject and write' option is used.
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 1, Insert New
Insert a new (unformatted) Microdrive cartridge into emulated
Microdrive 1.
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 1, Insert...
Insert an existing Microdrive cartridge image into emulated
Microdrive 1. You will be prompted for a filename.
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 1, Eject
Eject the Microdrive image in Microdrive 1. If the image has
been modified, you will be asked as to whether you want any
changes saved.
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 1, Eject and write...
Write the Microdrive image in Microdrive 1 to a file, and then
eject the image. You will be prompted for a filename.
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 1, Write protect, Enable
Enable the write protect tab for the image in Microdrive 1.
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 1, Write protect, Disable
Disable the write protect tab for the image in Microdrive 1.
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 2, ...
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 3, ...
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 4, ...
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 5, ...
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 6, ...
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 7, ...
Media, Interface I, Microdrive 8, ...
Equivalent options for the other emulated Microdrives.
Media, Interface I, RS232, Plug RxD
Media, Interface I, RS232, Unplug RxD
Media, Interface I, RS232, Plug TxD
Media, Interface I, RS232, Unplug TxD
Connect or disconnect a communication channels (FIFO or file) to
use as the RS-232 TxD or RxD wire.
Media, Disk
Virtual floppy disk images are accessible when emulating a +3,
+3e, Pentagon or Scorpion, or when the Beta 128 or +D interface
options are enabled and a machine compatible with the chosen
interface is selected. (See THE .DSK FORMAT, BETA 128 EMULATION
and +D EMULATION sections below for notes on the file formats
supported).
Once again, any changes made to a disk image will not affect the
file which was `inserted' into the drive. If you do want to keep
any changes, use the appropriate `eject and write' option before
exiting Fuse.
Media, Disk, +3, Drive A:, Insert...
Select a disk-image file to read/write in the +3's emulated
drive A:.
Media, Disk, +3, Drive A:, Eject
Deselect the disk image currently in the +3's emulated drive A:
- or from the emulated machine's perspective, eject it. Note
that any changes made to the image will not be saved.
Media, Disk, +3, Drive A:, Eject and write...
Deselect the disk image currently in the +3's drive A: and write
the current state of the disk to a file. You will be prompted
for a filename.
Media, Disk, +3, Drive B:, Insert...
As above, but for the +3's drive B:. Fuse emulates drive B: as a
second 3" drive.
Media, Disk, +3, Drive B:, Eject
As above, but for drive B:.
Media, Disk, +3, Drive B:, Eject and write
As above, but for drive B:.
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive A:, Insert New
Insert a new (unformatted) disk into the emulated Beta drive A:.
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive A:, Insert...
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive A:, Eject
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive A:, Eject and write...
As above, but for the emulated Beta disk drive A:.
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive A:, Write protect, Enable
Enable the write protect tab for the image in Beta drive A:.
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive A:, Write protect, Disable
Disable the write protect tab for the image in Beta drive A:.
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive B:, ...
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive C:, ...
Media, Disk, Beta, Drive D:, ...
As above, but for the remaining emulated Beta disk interface
drives.
Media, Disk, +D, Drive 1, Insert New
Media, Disk, +D, Drive 1, Insert...
Media, Disk, +D, Drive 1, Eject
Media, Disk, +D, Drive 1, Eject and write...
Media, Disk, +D, Drive 1, Write protect, Enable
Media, Disk, +D, Drive 1, Write protect, Disable
Media, Disk, +D, Drive 2, ...
As above, but for the emulated +D drives.
Media, Cartridge, Timex Dock, Insert...
Insert a cartridge into the Timex 2068 dock. This will cause the
emulated machine to be changed to the TC2068 (if it wasn't
already a 2068 variant) and reset.
Media, Cartridge, Timex Dock, Eject
Remove the cartridge from the Timex 2068 dock. This will cause
the emulated machine to be reset.
Media, Cartridge, Interface II, Insert...
Insert a cartridge into the Interface II cartridge slot. This
will cause the emulated machine to be reset and the cartridge
loaded.
Media, Cartridge, Interface II, Eject...
Remove the cartridge from the Interface II cartridge slot. This
will cause the emulated machine to be reset.
Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Insert...
Connect an IDE hard disk to the simple 8-bit interface's master
channel.
Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Commit
Cause any writes which have been done to virtual hard disk
attached to the simple 8-bit interface's master channel to be
committed to the real disk, such that they survive the virtual
disk being ejected.
Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Eject
Eject the virtual hard disk from the simple 8-bit interface's
master channel. Note that any writes to the virtual hard disk
will be lost unless the Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Commit
option is used before the disk is ejected.
Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Slave, Insert...
Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Slave, Commit
Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Slave, Eject
The same as the Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master entries above,
but for the simple 8-bit interface's slave channel.
Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Master, Insert...
Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Master, Commit
Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Master, Eject
Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Slave, Insert...
Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Slave, Commit
Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Slave, Eject
The same as the Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master entries above,
but for the two channels of the ZXATASP interface.
Media, IDE, ZXCF CompactFlash, Insert...
Media, IDE, ZXCF CompactFlash, Commit
Media, IDE, ZXCF CompactFlash, Eject
The same as the Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master entries above,
but for the ZXCF interface's CompactFlash slot.
Media, IDE, DivIDE, Master, Insert...
Media, IDE, DivIDE, Master, Commit
Media, IDE, DivIDE, Eject
Media, IDE, DivIDE, Slave, Insert...
Media, IDE, DivIDE, Slave, Commit
Media, IDE, DivIDE, Eject
The same as the Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit entries above, but for
the two channels of the DivIDE interface.
Help, Keyboard picture...
Display a diagram showing the Spectrum keyboard, and the various
keywords that can be generated with each key from (48K) BASIC.
Under the GTK+ UI, this will appear in a separate window and
emulation continues. With the other UIs, the picture remains
onscreen (and the emulator paused) until you press Esc or Enter.
KEY MAPPINGS
When emulating the Spectrum, keys F1 to F10 are used as shortcuts for
various menu items, as described above. The alphanumeric keys (along
with Enter and Space) are mapped as-is to the Spectrum keys. The other
key mappings are:
Shift emulated as Caps Shift
Control, Alt, and Meta
emulated as Symbol Shift (most other modifiers are also mapped
to this)
Backspace
emulated as Caps-0 (Delete)
Esc emulated as Caps-1 (Edit)
Caps Lock
emulated as Caps-2
Cursor keys
emulated as Caps-5/6/7/8 (as appropriate)
Tab emulated as Caps Shift-Symbol Shift (Extended Mode)
Some further punctuation keys are supported, if they exist on your key‐
board - `,', `.', `/', `;', `'', `#', `-', and `='. These are mapped
to the appropriate symbol-shifted keys on the Spectrum.
A list of keys applicable when using the file selection dialogs is
given in the FILE SELECTION section below.
DISPLAY SIZE
Some of Fuse's UIs allow resizing of the emulated Spectrum's display.
For the window-based ones (GTK+ and Xlib), you can resize the window
by, well, resizing it. :-) Exactly how this works depends on your win‐
dow manager; you may have to make the window over twice the width and
height of the original size before it actually scales up. Fuse attempts
to keep the window `square', but with some window managers this can
mean the window will never resize at all. If you experience this prob‐
lem, the `–no-aspect-hint' option may help.
If you're using the SDL UI under X11, the window will automatically
resize to be the correct size for the graphics filter selected.
GRAPHICS FILTERS
Fuse has the ability to apply essentially arbitrary filters between
building its image of the Spectrum's screen, and displaying it on the
emulating machine's monitor. These filters can be used to do various
forms of smoothing, emulation of TV scanlines and various other possi‐
bilities. Support for graphics filters varies between the different
user interfaces, but there are two general classes: the GTK+, Xlib and
SDL user interfaces (and the saving of .png screenshots) support
`interpolating' filters which use a palette larger than the Spectrum's
16 colours, while the SVGAlib user interface supports only `non-inter‐
polating' filters. The framebuffer user interface currently does not
support filters at all.
A further complication arises due to the fact that the Timex machines
have their high-resolution video mode with twice the horizontal resolu‐
tion. To deal with this, Fuse treats these machines as having a `nor‐
mal' display size which is twice the size of a normal Spectrum's
screen, leading to a different set of filters being available for these
machines. Note that any of the double or triple-sizing filters are
available for Timex machines only when using the SDL user interface.
The available filters, along with their short name used to select them
from the command line, are:
Timex half (smoothed) (half)
Timex half (skipping) (halfskip)
Two Timex-machine specific filters which scale the screen down
to half normal (Timex) size; that is, the same size as a normal
Spectrum screen. The difference between these two filters is in
how they handle the high-resolution mode: the `smoothed' version
is an interpolating filter which averages pairs of adjacent pix‐
els, while the `skipping' version is a non-interpolating filter
which simply drops every other pixel.
Normal (normal)
The simplest filter: just display one pixel for every pixel on
the Spectrum's screen.
Double size (2x)
Scale the displayed screen up to double size.
Triple size (3x)
Scale the displayed screen up to triple size. Available only
with the GTK+, Xlib and SDL user interfaces or when saving
screenshots of non-Timex machines.
2xSaI (2xsai)
Super 2xSaI (super2xsai)
SuperEagle (supereagle)
Three interpolating filters which apply successively more
smoothing. All three double the size of the displayed screen.
AdvMAME2x (advmame2x)
A double-sizing, non-interpolating filter which attempts to
smooth diagonal lines.
AdvMAME3x (advmame3x)
Very similar to AdvMAME2x, except that it triples the size of
the displayed screen. Available only with the GTK+, Xlib and SDL
user interfaces or when saving screenshots of non-Timex
machines.
TV 2x (tv2x)
TV 3x (tv3x)
Timex TV (timextv)
Three filters which attempt to emulate the effect of television
scanlines. The first is a double-sizing filter for non-Timex
machines, the second is a similar triple-sizing filter, while
the last is a single-sizing filter for Timex machines (note that
this means TV 2X and Timex TV produce the same size output).
PAL TV(paltv)
PAL TV 2x (paltv2x)
PAL TV 3x (paltv3x)
Three filters which attempt to emulate the effect of the PAL TV
system which layers a lower-resolution colour image over the top
of a higher-resolution black-and-white image. The filters can
also optionally add scanlines like the other TV series scalers.
Dot matrix (dotmatrix)
A double-sizing filter which emulates the effect of a dot-matrix
display.
Timex 1.5x (timex15x)
An interpolating Timex-specific filter which scales the Timex
screen up to 1.5x its usual size (which is therefore 3x the size
of a `normal' Spectrum screen). Available only for the GTK+ and
SDL user interfaces or when saving screenshots.
THE EMULATED SPECTRUM
The emulated Spectrum is, by default, an unmodified 48K Spectrum with a
tape player and ZX Printer attached. Oh, and apparently some magical
snapshot load/save machine which is probably best glossed over for the
sake of the analogy. :-)
To emulate different kinds of Spectrum, select the Machine, Select...
menu option, or press F9.
The Spectrum emulation is paused when any dialogs appear. In the widget
UI, it's also paused when menus or the keyboard picture are displayed.
PRINTER EMULATION
The various models of Spectrum supported a range of ways to connect
printers, three of which are supported by Fuse. Different printers are
made available for the different models:
16, 48, TC2048, TC2068, TS2068
ZX Printer
128/+2/Pentagon
Serial printer (text-only)
+2A, +3
Parallel printer (text-only)
If +D emulation is in use and printer emulation is enabled, text-only
emulation of the +D's parallel printer interface is provided.
Any printout is appended to one (or both) of two files, depending on
the printer - these default to printout.txt for text output, and print‐
out.pbm for graphics (PBM images are supported by most image viewers
and converters). These names can be changed with the –textfile and
–graphicsfile options from the command line or configuration file.
While the ZX Printer can only output graphically, simulated text output
is generated at the same time using a crude sort of OCR based on the
current character set (a bit like using SCREEN$). There is currently no
support for graphics when using the serial/parallel output, though any
escape codes used will be `printed' faithfully. (!)
By the way, it's not a good idea to modify the printout.pbm file out‐
side of Fuse if you want to continue appending to it. The header needs
to have a certain layout for Fuse to be able to continue appending to
it correctly, and the file will be overwritten if it can't be appended
to.
ZXATASP AND ZXCF
The ZXATASP and ZXCF interfaces are two peripherals designed by Sami
Vehmaa which significantly extend the capabilities of the Spectrum.
More details on both are available from Sami's homepage,
http://user.tninet.se/~vjz762w/, but a brief overview is given here.
The real ZXATASP comes with either 128K or 512K of RAM and the ability
to connect an IDE hard disks and a CompactFlash card, while the ZXCF
comes with 128K, 512K or 1024K of RAM and the ability to connect a Com‐
pactFlash card. From an emulation point of view, the two interfaces are
actually very similar as a CompactFlash card is logically just an IDE
hard disk. Currently, Fuse's emulation is fixed at having 512K of RAM
in the ZXATASP and 1024K in the ZXCF.
To activate the ZXATASP, simply select the ZXATASP interface option
from the Options, Peripherals... dialog. The state of the upload and
write protect jumpers is then controlled by the ZXATASP upload and
ZXATASP write protect options. Similarly, the ZXCF is controlled by the
ZXCF interface and ZXCF upload options (the ZXCF write protect is soft‐
ware controlled).
If you're using either the ZXATASP or ZXCF, you almost certainly want
to investigate ResiDOS, the operating system designed for use with the
ZXATASP and ZXCF. ResiDOS provides facilities for using the extra RAM,
accessing the mass storage devices and a task manager allowing virtu‐
ally instant switching between programs on the Spectrum. See
http://www.zxplus3e.plus.com/residos/index.html for more details.
DIVIDE
The DivIDE is another IDE interface for the Spectrum, of which full
details can be found at http://baze.au.com/divide/. The interface can
be activated via the DivIDE interface option from the Options, Periph‐
erals... dialog, and the state of its write protect jumper controlled
via the DivIDE write protect option. If you're going to be using the
DivIDE, you'll probably want one of the firmwares available from the
DivIDE homepage.
FILE SELECTION
The way you select a file (whether snapshot or tape file) depends on
which UI you're using. So firstly, here's how to use the GTK+ file
selector.
The selector shows the directories and files in the current directory
in two separate subwindows. If either list is too big to fit in the
window, you can use the scrollbar to see the rest (by dragging the
slider, for example), or you can use Shift-Tab (to move the keyboard
focus to a subwindow) and use the cursor keys. To change directory,
double-click it.
To choose a file to load you can either double-click it, or click it
then click Ok. Or click Cancel to abort.
If you're using the keyboard, probably the easiest way to use the
selector is to just ignore it and type in the name. This isn't as irk‐
some as it sounds, since the filename input box has filename completion
- type part of a directory or file name, then press Tab. It should
complete it. If it was a directory, it moves to that directory; if the
completion was ambiguous, it completes as much as possible, and narrows
the filenames shown to those which match. You should press Enter when
you've finished typing the filename, or Esc to abort.
Now, if you're using the widget UI - the one using the Spectrum font -
the selector works a bit differently. The files and directories are all
listed in a single two-column-wide window (the directories are shown at
the top, ending in `/') - the names may be truncated onscreen if
they're too long to fit.
To move the cursor, you can either use the cursor keys, or the Spectrum
equivalents 5/6/7/8, or (similarly) h/j/k/l. For faster movement, the
Page Up, Page Down, Home, and End keys are supported and do what you'd
expect. To select a file or directory, press Enter. To abort, press
Esc.
With both selectors, do bear in mind that all files are shown, whether
Fuse would be able to load them or not.
MONITOR/DEBUGGER
Firstly, note that the vast majority of this section applies only if
you're using the GTK+ user interface; if you're using one of the widget
user interfaces, you'll get a very basic monitor which shows the cur‐
rent values of the registers and allows you to single step through exe‐
cution or continue.
If you are using the GTK+ user interface, Fuse features a moderately
powerful, completely transparent monitor/debugger, which can be acti‐
vated via the Machine, Debugger ... menu option. A debugger window
will appear, showing the current state of the emulated machine: the
top-left `pane' shows the current state of the Z80 and the last bytes
written to any emulated peripherals. The bottom-left pane lists any
active breakpoints. Moving right, the next pane shows where the Spec‐
trum's 64K memory map (the `W?' and `C?' indicate whether each 8K
chunk is writable or contended respectively), and the next a disassem‐
bly, which by default starts at the current program counter, although
this can be modified either by the `disassemble' command (see below) or
by dragging the scrollbar next to it. The next pane shows the current
stack, and the final pane any `events' which are due to occur and could
affect emulation. Any of these panes can be removed by use of the View
menu. Below the displays are an entry box for debugger commands, and
five buttons for controlling the debugger:
Evaluate
Evaluate the command currently in the entry box.
Single Step
Run precisely one Z80 opcode and then stop emulation again.
Continue
Restart emulation, but leave the debugger window open. Note that
the debugger window will not be updated while emulation is run‐
ning.
Break
Stop emulation and return to the debugger.
Close
Close the debugger window and restart emulation.
Double-clicking on an entry in the stack pane will cause emulation to
run until the program counter reaches the value stored at that address,
while double-clicking on an entry in the `events' pane will cause emu‐
lation to run until that time is reached.
The main power of the debugger is via the commands entered into the
entry box, which are similar in nature (but definitely not identical to
or as powerful as) to those in gdb(1). In general, the debugger is
case-insensitive, and numbers will be interpreted as decimal, unless
prefixed by either `0x' or `$' when they will be interpreted as hex.
Each command can be abbreviated to the portion not in curly braces.
ba{se} number
Change the debugger window to displaying output in base number.
Available values are 10 (decimal) or 16 (hex).
br{eakpoint} [address] [condition]
Set a breakpoint to stop emulation and return to the debugger
whenever an opcode is executed at address and condition evalu‐
ates true. If address is omitted, it defaults to the current
value of PC.
br{eakpoint} p{ort} (r{ead}|w{rite}) port [condition]
Set a breakpoint to trigger whenever IO port port is read from
or written to and condition evaluates true.
br{eakpoint} (r{ead}|w{rite}) [address] [condition]
Set a breakpoint to trigger whenever memory location address is
read from (other than via an opcode fetch) or written to and
condition evaluates true. Address again defaults to the current
value of PC if omitted.
br{eakpoint} ti{me} time [condition]
Set a breakpoint to occur time tstates after the start of the
every frame, assuming condition evaluates true (if one is
given).
br{eakpoint} ev{ent} area:detail [condition]
Set a breakpoint to occur when the event specified by
area:detail occurs and condition evaluates to true. The events
which can be caught are:
divide:page
divide:unpage
The DivIDE interface is paged into or out of memory
respectively
if1:page
if1:unpage
The Interface 1 shadow ROM is paged into or out of memory
rzx:end
An RZX recording finishes playing
tape:play
tape:stop
The emulated tape starts or stops playing
zxcf:page
zxcf:unpage
The ZXCF interface is paged into or out of memory
zxatasp:page
zxatasp:unpage
The ZXATASP interface is paged into or out of memory
In all cases, the event can be specified as area:* to catch all
events from that area.
cl{ear} [address]
Remove all breakpoints at address or the current value of PC if
address is omitted. Port read/write breakpoints are unaffected.
com{mmands} id <newline>
<debugger command> <newline>
<debugger command> <newline>
...
end
Set things such that the specified debugger commands will be
automatically executed when breakpoint id is triggered. There is
currently no user interface for entering multi-line debugger
commands, so the only way to specify this command is on the com‐
mand-line via the –debugger-command option.
cond{ition} id [condition]
Set breakpoint id to trigger only when condition is true, or
unconditionally if condition is omitted.
co{ntinue}
Equivalent to the Continue button.
del{ete} [id]
Remove breakpoint id, or all breakpoints if id is omitted.
di{sassemble} address
Set the centre panel disassembly to begin at address.
ex{it}
Exit the emulator immediately.
fi{nish}
Exit from the current CALL or equivalent. This isn't infallible:
it works by setting a temporary breakpoint at the current con‐
tents of the stack pointer, so will not function correctly if
the code returns to some other point or plays with its stack in
other ways. Also, setting this breakpoint doesn't disable other
breakpoints, which may trigger before this one. In that case,
the temporary breakpoint remains, and the `continue' command can
be used to return to it.
i{gnore} id count
Do not trigger the next count times that breakpoint id would
have triggered.
n{ext}
Step to the opcode following the current one. As with the `fin‐
ish' command, this works by setting a temporary breakpoint at
the next opcode, so is not infallible.
o{ut} port value
Write value to IO port port.
pr{int} expression
Print the value of expression to standard output.
se{t} address value
Poke value into memory at address.
se{t} register value
Set the value of the Z80 register register to value.
se{t} $variable value
Set the value of the debugger variable variable to value.
s{tep}
Equivalent to the Single Step button.
t{breakpoint} [options]
This is the same as the `breakpoint' command in its various
forms, except that that breakpoint is temporary: it will trigger
once and once only, and then be removed.
Addresses can be specified in one of two forms: either an absolute
addresses, specified by an integer in the range 0x0000 to 0xFFFF or as
a `page:offset' combination, which refers to a location offset bytes
into into memory bank page, independent of where that bank is currently
paged into memory. RAM pages are indicated simply by an integer, while
ROMs are prefixed by `R' (e.g. offset 0x1234 in ROM 1 is specified as
`R1:0x1234'). Pages selected via the /ROMCS line are prefixed with
`C', while the Timex Dock and Exrom use prefixes `D' and `X' respec‐
tively. The 48K machines are treated as having a permanent mapping of
page 5 at 0x4000, page 2 at 0x8000 and page 0 at 0xC000; the 16K Spec‐
trum is treated as having page 5 at 0x4000 and no page at 0x8000 and
0xC000.
Anywhere the debugger is expecting a numeric value, except where it
expects a breakpoint id, you can instead use a numeric expression,
which uses a restricted version of C's syntax; exactly the same syntax
is used for conditional breakpoints, with `0' being false and any other
value being true. In numeric expressions, you can use integer constants
(all calculations are done in integers), register names (which simply
evaluate to the value of the register), debugger variables, parenthe‐
ses, the standard four numeric operations (`+', `-', `*' and `/'), the
(non-)equality operators `==' and `!=', the comparison operators `>',
`<', `>=' and `<=', bitwise and (`&'), or (`|') and exclusive or (`^')
and logical and (`&&') and or (`||').
THE POKE FINDER
The `poke finder' is a tool which is designed to make the task of find‐
ing (infinite lives etc.) pokes for games a bit easier: it is similar
to the `Lifeguard' utility which was available for use with the Multi‐
face. It works by maintaining a list of locations in which the current
number of lives (etc.) may be stored, and having the ability to remove
from that list any locations which don't contain a specified value.
The poke finder dialog contains an entry box for specifying the value
to be searched for, a count of the current number of possible locations
and, if there are less than 20 possible locations, a list of the possi‐
ble locations (in `page:offset' format). The five buttons act as fol‐
lows:
Incremented
Remove from the list of possible locations all addresses which
have not been incremented since the last search.
Decremented
Remove from the list of possible locations all addresses which
have not been decremented since the last search.
Search
Remove from the list of possible locations all addresses which
do not contain the value specified in the `Search for' field.
Reset
Reset the poke finder so that all locations are considered pos‐
sible.
Close
Close the dialog. Note that this does not reset the current
state of the poke finder.
Double-clicking on an entry in the list of possible locations will
cause a breakpoint to be set to trigger whenever that location is writ‐
ten to.
An example of how to use this may make things a bit clearer. We'll use
the 128K version of Gryzor. Load the game, define keys to suit and
start playing. Immediately pause the game and bring up the poke finder
dialog. We note that we currently have 6 lives, so enter `6' into the
`Search for' field and click `Search'. This reduces the number of pos‐
sible locations to around 931 (you may get a slightly different number
depending on exactly when you paused the game). Play along a bit and
then (deliberately) lose a life. Pause the game again. As we now have 5
lives, replace the `6' in the 'Search for' field with a `5' and click
`Search' again. This then reduces the list of possible locations to
just one: page 2, offset 0x00BC. This is the only location in memory
which stored `6' when we had 6 lives and `5' when we had 5 lives, so
its pretty likely that this is where the lives count is stored. Double-
clicking on the `2:0x00BC' entry in the dialog will set the appropriate
breakpoint (you may wish to open the debugger at this point to confirm
this). Play along a bit more. When you next lose a life, emulation is
stopped with PC at 0x91CD. Scrolling up a few addresses in the debug‐
ger's disassembly pane shows a value was loaded from 0x80BC (our hypo‐
thetical lives counter), decremented and then stored again to 0x80BC,
which looks very much like the code to reduce the number of lives. We
can now use the debugger to replace the decrement with a NOP (`set
0x91c9 0'), and playing the game some more after this reveals that this
has worked and we now have infinite lives.
THE .DSK FORMAT
In general, disk images for the +3 Spectrum are thought of as being in
DSK format. However, this is actually an slight oversimplification;
there in in fact two similar, but not identical, DSK formats. (The dif‐
ference can be seen by doing `head -1 dskfile': one format will start
`MV - CPCEMU' and the other will start `EXTENDED').
Fuse supports both the `CPCEMU' and `EXTENDED' formats.
BETA 128 EMULATION
Fuse supports .SCL and .TRD images in its Pentagon and Scorpion emula‐
tion, and also under 128K and +2 (but not +2A) emulation if the Beta
128 interface option from the Options, Peripherals... dialog is
enabled.
+D EMULATION
Fuse supports .MGT and .IMG images in its +D emulation. The +D's
printer port is emulated. (See the PRINTER EMULATION section for more
details.) The +D may only be used with 48K, 128K and +2 (not +2A) emu‐
lation. To access disks, load G+DOS, by inserting a disk containing
the DOS file (+SYS) and entering "RUN". Once DOS is loaded, you can
load to/from +D disks by prefixing filenames with `dn' where `n' is the
number of the drive in use. For example, `LOAD d1"myfile"' would load
the file named `myfile' from the emulated drive 1. Microdrive syntax
may also be used.
To save a snapshot, choose the `Machine, NMI' menu option, and then
press `4' to save a 48K snapshot, or `5' to save a 128K snapshot. When
saving a 128K snapshot, you must then press Y or N to indicate whether
the screen changed while saving the snapshot, to finish saving. You
can also choose `3' to save a screenshot to disk. Options `1' and `2'
allow screenshots to be printed (in monochrome) if printer emulation is
enabled.
DISK FILE FORMATS
Fuse supports several disk image formats in its +D and Beta 128 emula‐
tion.
For reading:
.UDI
Ultra Disk Image; for specification please see
http://zxmak.narod.ru/docs.htm
This is the only image format which can store all the relevant
information of the recorded data on a magnetic disk, so it can
be used for any non standard disk format. Fuse can store and
read not just MFM but FM formatted disk data in/from this con‐
tainer.
.FDI
UKV Spectrum Debugger disk image format.
.MGT .IMG
DISCiPLE/+D file formats.
.SAD .SDF
For compatibility with SAM Coupé disk images using these for‐
mats. Note that SAM Coupé `.DSK' images share the same format
as `.MGT'.
.TRD
TR-DOS disk image; for detailed information please see
http://www.retroplay.com/Mecenate/ramsoft/tr-info.zip
.SCL
A simple archive format for TR-DOS disk files.
.TD0
Teledisk image format; Fuse supports only files not created with
"Advanced Compression". Detailed description found in
http://www.classiccmp.org/dunfield/img/td0notes.txt and
http://www.fpns.net/willy/wteledsk.htm
.DSK
CPC disk image format; Fuse supports the plain old and the new
extended CPC format too. Further information please see the THE
.DSK FORMAT section and the CPCEMU manual section 7.7.1
http://www.cpc-emu.org/linux/cpcemu_e.txt
Fuse supports most of them for writing: .UDI .FDI .MGT .IMG .SAD .TRD
.SCL .DSK (only the old CPC format).
You can save disk images with any output format, just select the appro‐
priate extension. (e.g. ` elite3.udi ' to save as an UDI file) There
is a .LOG ` image ' format for debugging purpose. This is a plain text
file contains three dump of the loaded disk image at different details.
Not all image format can store all disk image. You cannot save a disk
image with an inappropriate format that loses some information (e.g.
variable track length or sector length).
COMPRESSED FILES
Assuming the appropriate libraries were available when libspectrum(3)
was compiled, snapshots, tape images, dock cartridges and input record‐
ing files can be read from files compressed with bzip2(3) or gzip(3)
just as if they were uncompressed. There is currently no support for
reading compressed +3, +D or Beta disk images.
BUGS
Selecting a startup filter doesn't work properly with user interfaces
other than SDL.
Attempting to replay an RZX file without an embedded snapshot from the
command-line doesn't work if you do `./fuse rzxfile snapshot'. `./fuse
snapshot rzxfile' does work though, so use that instead.
Changing virtual consoles when using SVGAlib for joystick support
causes Fuse to exit. If this is a problem, compile Fuse with the
`–disable-ui-joystick' option.
The poke finder can't search outside `normal' RAM.
Using the Options, Joysticks, Joystick 1... or Options, Joysticks,
Joystick 2... options under GTK+ 2.x produces a large number of GTK+
critical warnings. This is a GTK+ bug (#144427), which is fixed in GTK+
2.4.4.
The libao file output devices not work properly with the GTK+ UI. No
error reporting, but the created file does not contain any sound data.
If you use a `weak' machine alsa09 makes a lot of clicks and pops and
will output `ALSA: underrun, at least 0ms.' error messages.
FILES
~/.fuserc
SEE ALSO
bzip2(3), fuse-utils(1), gzip(3), libspectrum(3), ogg123(1), xspect(1),
xzx(1)
The comp.sys.sinclair Spectrum FAQ, at
http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/index.html.
AUTHOR
Philip Kendall ([email protected]).
Matan Ziv-Av wrote the SVGAlib and framebuffer UIs, the glib replace‐
ment code, and did some work on the OSS-specific sound code and the
original widget UI code.
Russell Marks wrote the sound emulation and OSS-specific sound code,
the joystick emulation, some of the printer code, and the original ver‐
sion of this man page.
John Elliott's lib765 and libdsk libraries were used for the original
+3 disk and disk image support.
Ian Collier wrote the ZX Printer emulation (for xz80).
Darren Salt wrote the original versions of the code for +3 emulation,
SLT support, MITSHM support (for the Xlib UI), TZX raw data blocks, RZX
embedded snapshots and compression, the Kempston mouse emulation and
made many improvements to the widget code.
Alexander Yurchenko wrote the OpenBSD/Solaris-specific sound code.
Fredrick Meunier wrote the TC2048, TS2068, Pentagon and Spectrum SE
support, the CoreAudio sound code, as well as maintaining the OS X port
and importing the graphics filter code.
Ludvig Strigeus and The ScummVM project wrote the original graphics
filter code.
Dmitry Sanarin wrote the original Beta disk interface emulation (for
Glukalka).
Witold Filipczyk wrote the TC2068 support.
Matthew Westcott wrote the AY logging code and the DivIDE emulation.
Marek Januszewski wrote various bits of code to make Fuse work under
Win32, including the DirectDraw user interface.
Stuart Brady wrote the +D emulation, Scorpion emulation and the HP-UX
sound code.
Garry Lancaster wrote the 8-bit IDE, ZXATASP and ZXCF interface emula‐
tions.
Gergely Szasz wrote the Interface I and Microdrive emulation, the PAL
TV scalers, the TV 3x scaler, the movie logging code, the libao sound
code, the upd765 disk controller used in the +3 and made many improve‐
ments to the widget code.
Version 0.10.0.2 14th January, 2009 fuse(1)

anonymous(*)(2009-08-26 13:13:12)

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